by Ryan Hailey, Campaign Operations Manager
The Comparison Shopping network, like any other media channel, certainly has some costs, barriers to entry, and common pitfalls and errors that would make an otherwise seemingly profitable marketing channel…well…not so profitable. In order for a CSE campaign to be successful, it is necessary for a company to analyze all its facets and weigh the costs and potential benefits of self-managing versus delegating CSE management. We’d like to share some insights gained by researching this rapidly growing market.
An Emerging Market:
Comparison Shopping Engines are becoming the largest online business-to-consumer medium. They allow consumers to quickly compare prices, access product information and reviews, and make purchases within a few clicks of a mouse. New studies have shown that 60% of online consumers use a CSE prior to making a purchase. CSEs are also responsible for over one third of all e-commerce sales ($54.3 billion in 2007) and have more market share than auction sites and shopping portals combined.
The top four independent CSEs: Bizrate, Shopping.com, Shopzilla and NexTag now own over 61% of the shopping search market, according Hitwise. Google Product Search, Yahoo Shopping, and MSN Shopping combined own less than 15% of the market. These independent comparison engines obviously have differentiated themselves offer a better user experience.
The CSE Landscape:
There are dozens of comparison shopping engines, each trying to differentiate themselves from the rest. Some tout themselves as delivering the lowest priced product matches, while others find a niche that deliver only certain kinds of products, whether it is electronics, baby gifts, or healthcare goods.
Many advertisers who lack the necessary time and resources to examine the entire CSE market tend to opt into only the largest ones, such as Shopping.com, Shopzilla, NexTag, and Bizrate. While these well-known engines do represent a big chunk (roughly 60%) of the comparison shopping market, advertisers who choose only the major CSEs are missing out on a sizeable portion of the market. This is a common faux pas that advertisers make when they manage their CSE efforts in-house as opposed to outsourcing management to online marketing professionals.
In order to maximize potential revenue and product/brand visibility in the CSE market, advertisers must survey the entire CSE landscape. Once this is done, the advertiser can exclude comparison sites that don’t suit their campaign’s motive and choose those sites that do.
CSE Pricing:
When surveying the CSE landscape, pricing models should play a very important role in the decision of which CSEs to opt into. There are three pricing models that shopping engines use: Cost per Click (CPC); Cost per Order or Cost per Acquisition (CPO/CPA), and free, and it is also worth noting that many of the larger CSEs require a minimum investment or deposit that varies between sites.
Cost per Click is the most common pricing model, where advertisers pay for every time an ad is clicked, and is also the most similar to typical Pay-Per-Click campaigns. Some CSEs that follow the PPC model charge a fixed cost-per-click rate for each product type depending on the margin, whereas others allow competitive bidding, which gives the advertiser the opportunity to build out a CPC optimization strategy.
The CPO/CPA pricing model, used by Shop.com and Jellyfish, is also very attractive since it is basically a risk-free investment; you are only charged when the consumer purchases the product.
The last and most popular pricing model is the “free” model. Only a few CSEs use this model, including Google Product Search and TheFind.com. Their profits are derived from selling ad space on their results pages. A common strategy for advertisers that are just entering the CSE market is to start by launching campaigns only on the free portals. This will allow the advertiser to gauge the competition and see how aggressive to be. In the end, however, opting into as many CSEs that suit and help achieve campaign goals is typically the best practice.
Campaign Development and Product Categorization:
Shopping engine placements are contextually pertinent because they’re delivered, along with other related products, on a keyword basis. Product ranking in the search results will be determined by how well a merchant’s keyword search term matches the keywords related to a product’s title, description, and other relevant information provided in the product data feed.
Choosing the right keywords in the product titles and descriptions definitely helps with achieving higher placement. For advertisers that are already managing PPC or SEO campaigns, a CSE campaign can simply be an extension of that, since you already have a developed keyword universe.
However, a new level of complexity is added when bidding at the product level rather than at an ad group or keyword level. A common pitfall in managing CSE campaigns involves product categorization. If an advertiser mis-categorizes its products (i.e. toys, electronics, clothing, etc), they can drastically harm the campaign by either paying too high a CPC or risk not having their product listed. To ensure products are listed and are in the best position possible, advertisers need to optimize their data feed.
Data Feed Management and Optimization:
The largest challenge in CSE management lies with uploading relevant information to different comparison engines. Only a few CSEs, known as “crawlers,” will actively search retailers’ websites and gather information to upload on their comparison site. All others require the advertiser to format and manually upload relevant information via XML.
Relevant information is generally consists of developing and maintaining variable fields, such as keyword-driven product titles and descriptions, file headers, display and destination URLs, product categories, price, model number, UPC, manufacturer name. This must be done for each separate comparison engine and every time product information changes, so it becomes an incredibly tedious task when managing multiple CSE campaigns.
The solution is using a third party Data Feed vendor such as MerchantAdvantage, Quigo, or SingleFeed. Each Data Feed vendor’s offering varies slightly, depending on the size, depth, and dynamics of the product catalog. Pricing schemes and CSE compatibility also vary between the vendors. We use Data Feed tools to centralize data feed management across multiple engine upload formats, meaning the advertiser only needs to enter all information once.
The Data Feed tool formats the information and uploads it to all CSEs. Data Feeds require frequent modification and many companies do not have the resources to invest. But, if an advertiser ultimately decides to have a full-scale CSE campaign, finding the right Data Feed tool is essential for success.
Many sellers make the mistake of relegating Data Feed management to the in-house IT Department since they deem it a technical process. The problem is that the information that goes into the feed is marketing material. Some very useful blogs and websites that contain valuable information about Data Feed Management and Optimization are: www.loveyourfeed.com, www.csestrategies.com, http://wordpress.com/tag/comparison-shopping-engines/.
Campaign Management and Testing:
In starting out a CSE campaign, advertisers should be able to get their feet wet without huge costs or time constraints. They can manage a CSE campaign manner similar to most PPC campaigns.
A majority of CSEs follow the CPC model, allowing the opportunity to bid on a product of keyword level. Users can remove underperforming products just as they would pause keywords in a PPC campaign. Advertisers need to frequently evaluate their campaign in order to understand consumer behavior in search as well as industry trends. This is in part why sellers turn to advertising and industry professionals for CSE management.
Advertisers should also take an active role in landing page development and testing. Each landing page serves as a sort of home page, making not only the case of why to buy the product, but why they should buy the product from you. Advertisers can also test by changing product descriptions, discounts, and special offers. Most of all, advertisers need to be constantly evaluating their campaigns to maximize CSE potential.
The Price Factor – Barriers to Entry:
While price can be a large factor in your CSE ad placement, each engine uses its own particular algorithm for ranking and displaying search results. Each also has different criteria and charges for participating merchants. Most of the major search engines use product price as a common sorting focus, followed by store rating and reviews, popularity, relevancy, and placement bids. In fact, about 70% of click-thrus on comparison sites are not on the seller with the lowest price.
It would be prudent to say that upscale sellers may have a more difficult time seeing positive results in their CSE endeavors. However, they still have the opportunity to advertise any niche products they may have and look for areas that aren’t covered by their competitors.
Sources:
http://searchengineland.com/070504-105037.php
http://www.clickz.com/showPage.html?page=3628428
http://www.comparisonengines.com/
http://www.csestrategies.com/
http://www.loveyourfeed.com/
http://www.rimmkaufman.com/rkgblog/2007/07/24/feed-optimization/
http://www.ecommerceoptimization.com/comparison-shopping-listing-guide/
http://multichannelmerchant.com/webchannel/affiliate/marketing_shopping_around_0101/
http://www.seobrien.com/2006/10/comparison-shopping/small-businesses-rejoice/
http://www.revenuetoday.com/readarticle.php?name=Comparison+Shopping+Engines+Drive+Sales
http://www.channeladvisor.com/comparison_shopping/summary.html
http://www.hitwise.com/
